资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
应对新冠病毒,没有“特效药”!囤药不如囤“好身体”【防疫小贴士】(76)****** 感染新冠病毒后如何用药 是大家广为关注的问题 下面 请专家来进行解答 应对新冠病毒 有“特效药”吗 中国工程院院士张伯礼: 无论是西药、中药,都不存在“特效药”,更没有“神药”。一般患者用普通的感冒药即可,也不用特别追求哪一种药,包括“三药三方”,当地产的常用感冒药也完全可用。 感染新冠病毒后,严格意义来说,中药和西药的作用只是辅助治疗,帮助减轻一些症状,控制病情发展,减少转为重症的风险。即使“小分子特效药”,它的机理也只是抑制病毒复制,并不能根除病毒。而且,这类药的治疗窗口期比较窄,只在感染后的5天内有效,且不宜与他汀类药物等联合使用。 感染新冠病毒后,用药时一定要理智,合理用药,还要有些耐心,药物发挥作用要有一定时间。切记没有神药,没有特效药。更忌有病乱服药、无目的联合用药,反而容易产生药害。对抗新冠病毒的“主力”是自身免疫力。因此,囤药不如囤“好身体”。调整好身体状态,注意休息,适量多饮水,多吃新鲜水果蔬菜,保证营养的摄入,保持良好的情绪,提高机体免疫力,才是顺利度过感染过程的最重要因素。 什么情况有必要使用抗病毒药物 能否自行服用 北京大学第一医院感染疾病科主任王贵强: 目前新冠病毒感染后大部分表现为轻型或无症状,但仍然有少数感染者,包括老年人尤其是没有疫苗接种的老年人以及有严重基础病者可出现重症,或诱发基础病加重。 我国第九版诊疗方案建议,对重症高风险人群应用抗病毒治疗以缓解症状、缩短病程、降低重症和死亡风险。 目前有三种抗病毒药物,其中新冠单克隆抗体,需要静脉给药,只能在医院住院使用。另外两种小分子口服抗病毒药物是奈玛特韦/利托那韦合剂和阿兹夫定。 奈玛特韦/利托那韦合剂可以有效降低重症风险,适应证人群是轻型和普通型,使用的时候要特别注意药物之间的相互作用,比如老年人和有基础病者常常口服多种药物,如使用辛伐他汀、洛伐他汀、胺碘酮等就不能使用奈玛特韦,还有些药物相对禁忌使用,因此,建议在医生指导下使用。 阿兹夫定在妊娠期和哺乳期不宜使用,中重度肝肾功能损伤患者也要慎用,因此,也需要在医生指导下使用。 抗病毒药物 可以用于预防性治疗吗 北京大学第一医院感染疾病科主任王贵强: 高龄老人,尤其是有基础病、没有接种疫苗的高龄老人,属于高风险人群,面对疫情要早发现早干预。一些口服的抗新冠病毒小分子药物,可以在发病或感染得到明确诊断后尽早使用,一般在5天内使用。 这类抗新冠病毒小分子药物存在与其他不少药物相互作用的问题,也会有一些副作用,因此务必在医生指导下使用。此外,研究显示,这类药物不能用于预防性治疗,对重症患者的效果也不明显。 来源:国家卫生健康委员会官网、健康中国、新华社、央视网、央广网 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() ![]() 快盈官网地图 |